What process involves investigating the history of rights and claims to a piece of property?

The process of investigating the history of rights and claims to a piece of property is known as a title search. This important step involves examining public records to establish the ownership history of the property and to identify any liens, easements, or other claims that may affect the property's title. By conducting a title search, potential buyers and lenders can ensure that the property has a clear title, meaning there are no conflicting claims or legal issues that could hinder their ability to own or finance the property.

In contrast, property appraisal focuses on determining the current market value of a property based on various factors, including location and condition, rather than examining the history of ownership. Market analysis assesses current real estate trends and comparable property sales to provide insights into pricing and investment potential, but it does not delve into the historical rights associated with a property. A boundary survey is a specific examination to determine the precise boundaries of a parcel of land, but it does not involve researching ownership history or title claims. Thus, the title search stands out as the correct answer for investigating property rights and claims.